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SEPARATION OF PLATINUM METALS FROM SPENT AUTOCATALYSTS
Abstract
In the world, over 18 million vehicles are rejected annually from operation. The spent catalysts are obtained from th e vehicles at the end of their life cycle as well as the vehicles which do not meet the prescribed st andards in the ECO test respected to the composition of exhaust gases. The basis of each catalyst is a ceramic monolith with deposited valuable platinum metals. The spent catalysts are solid waste and also the rich raw material for recovery of precious metals. The aim of this paper is a separation of present precious metals from spent catalysts . Samples of spent catalysts were used for laboratory experimental researches with the following average content of platinum metals: 0.2% Pt, 0.03% Pd and 0.005% Rh. A series of laboratory experiments was carried out with the aim to examine the main parameters of translation process the precious metals into ionic fo rm. The tests were focused on selecting the most suitable solvent, process time, temperature and ratio of solid: liquid. The highest degree of transformation the precious metals into ionic form was achieved during the following conditions of the leaching process: reagent of hydrochloric acid in the presence of oxidant, process temperature 95 oC, time 1 h and the S:L ratio of 1:3. The obtained results indicate a high degree of extraction the precious metals >95 % from spent catalysts for the automotive industry.
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