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TRACE AND RARE EARTH ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE UPPER MIOCENE-PLIOCENE LACUSTRINE EVAPORITES OF THE BOR-ULUKISLA BASIN (NIGDE, TURKEY)
Abstract
The Bor-Ulukışla Basin situated in the south-eastern part of the Tuz Gölü Basin, Central Anatolia, provide prominent example of lacu strine basins and varying assemblages of evaporite and detrital minerals. The evaporatic sedimentation formed in the central part of the basin as a shallow, saline lake syst em, where abundant ha lite and Ca-Na sulfate deposits. Sodium sulfates and also halite depos its have been explo ited from the recent salt-playa lakes in the basin. The evaporite s were deposited by related to the Messinian salinity crisis (MSC) in the Mediterranean region. Samples collected from field and from six deep cores in the basin. Evaporite minerals ar e dominated by halite, Na-Ca- sulfate minerals (anhydrite, gypsum, glauberite , thenardite and mira bilite), Mg-sulfate minerals (bloedite, ep somite), dolomite, magnesite and calcite . Generally quartz, feldspar, mica and detrital clay minerals are present at the margin of the basin. Trace and rare earth element geochemistry and some of the elemental ratios show clear associations with detrital (c lastic) and evaporite (chemical) phases of deposits. The RE and some trace element (V, Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, As , Ba, Rb, Th) contents are higher in the clay-rich samples than the ev aporite-rich samples. The carbonate-rich samples have an intermediate REE abundance. Clay and ca rbonate rich samples show homogeneous REE patterns, can be explained by the higher chemical weathering. Evaporite samples exhibit a variable REE pattern. In the evaporate sediments, the Eu anomaly is slightly to moderately positive (1 .38-2.51). The positive anomaly s hows a volcanic origin. In the Ca-sulfate, Mg-sulfate and chloride sample s have low La/Yb ratios (LREE). And also evaporate sediments have negative slight-moderate Ce anomaly (0.4-0.99). Negative Ce anomaly of evaporites suggests marine influence in the basin. Geochemical considerations such as Mg/Ca, Na/Ca, Sr/Ca ratios and Sr contents have been integrated to interpret evaporation and salinity ranges (fresh and high salinity conditions) in the basin. The high differe nces (17.2-5438.5ppm) in the strontium contents among the carbonate and sulfate levels of the Bor-Uluk ışla evaporites could reflect deposition under hydrologically unstable conditions and shallow waters.
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