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STUDY PROTECTED NATURE AREAS IMPLICATION TO ECOLOGICAL STABILIZATION NEAR PORT OF BRONKA
Abstract
Construction and subsequent operation of port complexes leads to increased anthropogenic load on coastal and marine areas. An effective compensatory measure for load reduction is the organization in the neighboring parts of the shores of protected nature areas. We present the study results of the impact of nature protected areas to stabilize the ecological situation in the anthropogenic transformed coastal zone on the example for the port of Bronka, commissioned in 2015. The objects of study are the territory of the Bronka outport, protected nature areas "Western Kotlin" and "Southern coast of the Neva Bay". Bronka outport is located on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland in the area adjacent to the dam of the complex of protective structures against floods to the existing coastline. The state of water birds as the most vulnerable component of local biota was studied to assess the ecological situation in the area under consideration. The observation period annually covered all stages of the annual cycle of wetland birds with the exception of wintering. During the studies, we used conventional methods of visual accounting of vertebrates on long routes without limiting the detection band. Studies show that the species diversity and number of nesting birds did not change during the first phase of the port's construction; the concern did not have a significant impact on them. The main influence of the considered protected natural areas is the conservation of higher aquatic vegetation, which is a multifunctional biotope for waterfowl and near-water fowl.
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