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SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS - ASSESSMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
A high-quality environment is becoming absolutely necessary not only for the health of the population, but also for the good functioning of the economy and the availability of natural resources. The aim of environmental policy and instruments of environmental policy is to ensure the required quality of the environment. Environmental aspects have become an essential part of the decision-making processes of developed European countries. Environmental management has not been implemented separately from other economic decisions, but has been gradually implemented in all economic sectors and spheres, at the macroeconomic level. In practice, also in environmental management there are characteristic tools often used in the process of achieving others - mostly economic and social goals. By appropriate selection and setting of these tools, as well as their suitable combination, there is possible to achieve also environmental goals. But there are also specific instruments of environmental policy. The use of environmental policy instruments is currently considered not only as a way of sustainable development building, but these instruments have a much broader economic, social and, in particular, fiscal dimension. Individual European Union countries strive to influence the quality of the environment, as well as to ensure social-economic development, using various combinations of economic, normative but also voluntary instruments. Using the environmental policy instruments is possible to implement the concept of sustainable development into concrete economic and social activities. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the use of selected environmental policy instruments in the European Union countries, in the context of sustainable development and economic growth.
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