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ELEMENTS OF MERCURY BALANCE IN THE CASCADE WATER SYSTEM OF THE DON RIVER
Abstract
The long-term and high-level anthropogenic load on the aquatic ecosystem increases the probability of its adverse transformations (violations of the natural stability of its state and, as a result, the appearance of negative situations). These include diverse geochemical, biogeochemical, pathogenic biological, and, ultimately, medical and environmental consequences caused by the entry and further redistribution, and accumulation in water of highly toxic chemicals, among which heavy metals such as mercury take priority. The qualitative and quantitative assessment of mercury flows in water systems is of paramount importance for understanding the severity of the situation. In this regard, the authors developed a conceptual model of the main routes and sources of mercury intake to the lower reaches of the Don River. The research area is a cascade water system and includes a section from the Tsimlyansk reservoir to the Taganrog Bay. The authors give a quantitative assessment of the input and expenditure components of the mercury balance in accordance with this model. For the calculation, the authors ' own data obtained during long-term expeditionary research in the studied water area were used. Individual elements of the highly toxic metal balance were calculated using literature data. The authors determined the role of atmospheric precipitation, liquid and solid runoff of its main tributaries (the Seversky Donets and Zapadniy Manych Rivers), surface washout from soils and residential territories in the incoming part of the balance. In the input part of the mercury balance, the volume of metal carried out with the river flow to the Taganrog Bay, deposited as a part of the suspension in the channels of the Don River Delta, as well as withdrawn during the catch of hydrobionts, water use and water consumption was estimated.
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References15
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