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THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GEODETIC EDUCATION AND GEODETIC STUDIES IN KAZAN

Yury Nefedyev

Abstract

Recently there has been a significant development of geodetic education and geodetic studies in the Kazan Federal University first of all due to the growth of start-up activity, the number of orbital grouping of national global navigation satellite system ?GLONASS? is markedly increased, which prompted the Russian space Agency to take the first steps which are necessary for the activating of use of this system for solving challenges of socio-economic development of Russia?s regions. Today, geodetic works in Kazan transfer to a new level due to the development of the new space technologies. Kazan astronomy and space geodesy department is the only department in the University, which teach and graduate students on two specialties ?Astronomy? and ?Astronomy geodesy? simultaneously. The appearance of new more accurate and productive instruments and equipment for observational and experimental branches of science and technology means the possibilities of formulating and soling new problems. So it was at the turn of the XIX and XX centuries, when the receipt of pendulum equipment of a new generation for two decades by the Kazan University has identified priority areas of the gravimetric direction of the scientific investigations of Kazan astronomical-surveyors. So XX and XXI centuries were marked as the beginning of professional use the geodetic electronic tachometer and satellite of GNSS- receiver of the geodetic class, which allow determining promptly the location of ground stations with an accuracy, that is acceptable not only to create a geodetic networks, but also to study the dynamics of horizontal and vertical displacements of the crust. In other words, the development and operation of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) GLONASS / GPS meant the appearance of a new, extremely powerful, multifunctional instrument, which is suitable for efficient use on the study of planetary Earth?s figure, the laws of its rotation, the surface topography of the continents and oceans, the subsoil structure, the atmosphere structure, as well as a variety of geodynamic processes, which reflect the Earth?s evolution on a global and regional scales.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/5.4/s22.042

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