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DETERMINATION OF TURBULENT ZONES FOR FORECASTING THE DISPERSED ZONES OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPURITIES
Abstract
The article is devoted to the discussion of the possibilities of determining turbulent zones for predicting the dispersion of anthropogenic impurities in the lower air layer of the atmosphere. As you know, the atmosphere, being a dissipative system dissipating energy, is almost constantly in a state of instability. This unstable state of the atmosphere is based on deterministic chaos, which is a very important feature of the atmosphere as a dynamic, changeable environment. During the transition from the state of stability to the state of instability of the atmosphere, various processes and phenomena arise or intensify within the air layer of the atmosphere. The issues of transitions between the above-mentioned states of the atmosphere are still very relevant for ensuring the ecological safety of the lower atmosphere, since the unstable state of the surface air layer, forming turbulence, will ensure the dispersion of a number of anthropogenic impurities. It is important to note that the process of turbulence of the air layer, as is known, has a very ambiguous effect on the ecological state of the air layer of the lower atmosphere. However, its identification can provide very important information about the presence of instability in the lower air layer of the atmosphere. A fairly accurate approach to determining the possible thermodynamic instability in terms of the possibility of the presence of turbulent zones makes it possible to calculate the Richardson number, which in the physical sense shows the relationship between the thermal and dynamic components of the formation of instability in atmospheric layers. The article presents the results of the calculation and analysis of the obtained values of the Richardson number at different heights of surfaces (1000, 850, 700 and 500 Hectopascal) for the following aerological stations: Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Mineralnye Vody, Tuapse. The analysis of the obtained calculations allows us to conclude that the values of the Richardson numbers are fundamentally applicable as indicators of possible turbulence of air layers as one of the predictors in the development of modern models for predicting the dispersion of anthropogenic impurities in the surface air layer.
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