Scholarly record
MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF STOCKPILED ORE MINING AND PROCESSING WASTE ALONG SATELLITE DATA
Abstract
Stockpiling and conservation of mining waste is of high social and environmental importance, since it is the mining industry that is characterized by large volumes of waste. It is almost impossible to update information on the ecological state of ore mining and processing wastes accumulated during the deposits development and their impact on the environment by studying the archives of enterprises, due to the incompleteness of the stored data that is not within the scope of industrial interests. In this regard, it seems promising to use remote monitoring methods based on satellite data, which provide objective monitoring of the state of the Earth's surface and is characterized by a repeated frequency of surveys, a significant breadth of coverage, and the availability of digital archives via the Internet. The methodical approach has been substantiated to use the satellite data for assessing the ecological state of stored waste and its environmental impact based on the temporal dynamics of two parameters of the underlying surface: an index characterizing the substantial composition of the waste and a vegetation index characterizing the state of the vegetation cover. ?s an example, using the satellite observations of the iron ore deposit of the Kola mining complex, the authors have determined impact of the stored ore processing waste on the vegetation cover of the surrounding natural landscape by the decreasing temporal dynamics of the vegetation index taking into account the index characterizing the substantial composition of the processed ore. The paper demonstrates the efficiency of creating a vegetation cover on the protective dam of stockpiled ore processing waste, according to a technology developed at the Mining Institute KSC RAS, Russia. The technology provides a much faster formation of a phytocenosis with the structure of the surrounding natural landscape than during self-growth, which is seen in an increasing temporal dynamics of the vegetation index. A methodological approach to monitoring the ecological state of stockpiled mining wastes and their impact on the environment based on satellite data is easy to learn and use and can be recommended to support decision-making on improving the ecological conditions of the region during deposits development.
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References12
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