Scholarly record
THE HEAVY METAL DEPOSITION IN SNOW: CASE STUDY OF JELGAVA CITY
Abstract
Majority of world inhabitants are living in cities as well as many inhabitants in Latvia choose to move to cities to look for wellfare. Living in a city with a high density of buildings, cars, and factories, the risk of air pollution increases. Air pollution from the transport, industry, and energy sectors affect the health of the urban population. In cities, air is often contaminated with dust containing various chemical elements, including heavy metals, which, even in low concentrations, can be hazardous to human health. The aim of the study is to determine the distribution of heavy metals in the urban air as well as the relation of heavy metal concentration to anthropogenic point and nonpoint pollution sources. In winter 2019, 183 snow samples were collected in 61 different locations in the city of Jelgava to determine concentrations of various heavy metals in the city and to cover all possible urban areas: residential, industrial, high-rise, and more. In study, distribution of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) are analyzed in the urban environment. ICP-OES spectrometer "iCAP 7000" is used for the analysis of snow samples. In the first analysis step, samples are acidified with 1% HNO3. In the second step, the sample is hold for three days. In the third step, the sample is filtered through a paper filter and further analyzed with the "iCAP 7000". The spatial interpolation and the mapping methods were performed using ArcGIS 10.3. The IDW spatial interpolation method build in ArcGIS 10.3 based on relationship between sampling sites and concentrations was used in the study. The spatial results show that Jelgava has inhomogeneous distribution of heavy metals in the air, where the highest concentrations were found near the source of anthropogenic pollution. The highest observed concentrations of heavy metals are: Cu 12.5 (?g/l), Ni 4.4 (?g/l), Pb 72.3 (?g/l), Mn 73.0 (?g/l), Zn 204.5 (?g/l).
Publication Impact Profile
- Citations
- CrossRef - Citation Indexes: 2
- Scopus - Citation Indexes: 4
- Captures
- Mendeley - Readers: 8
Publication details
References15
Feng W., Guo Z., Peng C., Xiao X., Shi L., Zeng P., Ran H., Xue Q., Atmospheric bulk deposition of heavy metal(loid)s in central south China: Fluxes, influencing factors and implication for paddy soils, Journal of Hazard Mater., vol. 371, pp 634-742, 2019.
Tsai Y., Kuo S., Youg L., Hsieh L., Chen P., Atmospheric dry plus wet deposition and wet-only deposition of dicarboxylic acids and inorganic compounds in a coastal suburban environment, Journal Atmospheric Environ., vol. 89, pp 696-706, 2014.
Li Z., Feng X., Li G., Bi X., Zhu J., Qin H., Dai Z., Liu J., Li Q., Sun G., Distributions, sources and pollution status of 17 trace metal/ metalloids in the street dust of a heavily industrialized city of central China, Journal Environmental Pollution, vol. 182, pp 408-416, 2013.
Centr?l?s statistikas p?rvaldes dati [online] [18.12.2019.] Available at: http://data1.csb.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/iedz/iedz__iedzrakst/IRG010.px/table/tableViewLayout1/ (in Latvian).
Rodella N., Bosio A., Dalipi R., Zacco A. Borgese L., Depero L.E., Bontempi E., Waste silica sources as heavy metal stabilizers for municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, pp S3676-S3681, 2017.
Jelgava, Pa?vald?bas operat?v?s inform?cijas centrs [online] [18.12.2019.] Available at: https://www.jelgava.lv/lv/iestades/jpoic/meteo-dati/?year=2019&month=1&type=t (in Latvian).
Pilecka J., Valujeva K., Grinfelde I., Vebere L.L., Purmalis O., Analyzing differently prepared snow samples to determine air quality in the city, 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019, Volume 19, Issue 4.1, Pages 859-866, 2019.
Cereceda-Balic F., Palomo-Mar?n M.R., Bernalte E., Vidal V., Christie J., Fadic X., Guevara J.L., Miro C., Pinilla-Gil E., Impact of Santiago de Chile urban atmospheric pollution on anthropogenic trace elements enrichment in snow precipitation at Cerro Colorado, Central Andes, Atmospheric Environment, vol. 47, pp 51-57, 2012.
Telmer K., Bonham-Carter G.F., Kliza D.A., Hall G.E.M., The atmospheric transport and deposition of smelter emissions: evidence from the multi-element geochemistry of snow, Quebec, Canada, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 68, pp. 2961-2980, 2004.
Mortazavi R., Attiya S., Ariya P.A., Diversity of metals and metal-interactive bacterial populations in different types of Arctic snow and frost flowers: Implications on snow freeze-melt processes in a changing climate, Science of The Total Environment, vol. 690, pp 277-289, 2019.
Menke A., Guallar E., Cowie C.C., Metals in Urine and Diabetes in U.S. Adults, Diabetes, vol. 65(1), pp 164-171, 2016.
Xue H., Chen W., Li M., Liu B., Li G., Han X., Assessment of major ions and trace elements in snow: A case study across northeastern China, 2017–2018, Journal Chemosphere, vol. 251, 126328, 2020.
Engelhard C., de Toffol S., Lek I., Rauch W., Dallinger R., Environmental impacts of urban snow management -The alpine case study of Innsbruck, Science of the Total Environment, vol. 382, 286-294, 2007.
United Nation, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN [online] [18.12.2019.] Available at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html, New York, 2018.
Steinhauser G., Sterba J. H., Foster M., Grass F., Bichler M., Heavy metals from pyrotechnics in New Years Eve snow, Journal Atmospheric Environment, vol. 42, pp 8616–8622, 2008.
Citing literature
Number of times cited according to Crossref: 1
View or Download full articleAccess options
SWS access login
Login as SWS Scientific CommitteeLogin as SWS Scientific PartnerLogin as SWS AuthorAuthors and approved SWS contributors will read and export their own linked papers after identity matching by SWS profile, email and SGEM GlobalID.
For librarian assistance: [email protected]
Purchase Instant Access
- Article can be downloaded after successful payment.
- Article may be used according to SWS library access terms.
- Article cannot be redistributed.