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USING A HEAT PUMP TO COVER PEAK HEAT LOADS IN HARSH CLIMATES
Abstract
Most modern heat pump installations can only generate a maximum temperature of 50-55-C. This temperature potential is not sufficient to integrate them with existing convective and radiator-based space heating systems in severe climates. This paper discusses the findings from an experimental study evaluating the efficiency of a fan coil-based air heating system. Using a peaking boiler fueled by natural gas from the main supply has been shown to be the most cost-effective method for generating thermal energy with peak-load heating systems. For consumers without access to the main gas supply, a heat pump system that heats the room air by extracting heat from the ground through a well system is significantly more efficient than any other heating system options available. One significant drawback of this system is its substantial upfront capital expenditures, which are significantly higher - more than 5 times - than those of all other viable alternatives. These technical solutions become viable (with a payback period of less than 10 years) when energy prices rise significantly, by more than an order of magnitude.
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