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IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON NATURAL-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Abstract
Climate change is one of the most important issues of the 21st century. Climate change affects states ecological, economic and social aspects of sustainable development. Consequences of the climate change also depends on geographical location of countries. In this respect, the most characteristic feature of Kazakhstan is its intra-continental location in the western part of Central Asia. According to scenarios of climatologists, absence of tangible changes in amount of precipitation as well as increase in average annual surface air temperature, especially in the arid inland regions of Kazakhstan, in the context of global warming will contribute to aridization and desertification of the territory. In addition, climatic desertification will help to shift the zone of insufficient moisture and increase the zone of desert and semi-desert regions. The study analyzes status of water resources as the most vulnerable component of the country under changing climatic conditions. In response to the climate change, Republic carries out adaptive measures aimed at reducing climate risks and extracting potential benefits from the climate change. A model of adaptive influence of the climate change on natural-economic systems proposed in the study relying on methods of mathematical statistics and probabilistic analysis. Adaptation levels interpreted in accordance with the index: as the indicator increases, so does the degree of influence on natural-economic systems.
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