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EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES OF NITRATES TRANSPORT ACROSS THE CAPILLARITY FRINGE IN THE PRESENCE OF A CLAY LENTIL
Abstract
Water resources, particularly the phreatic ones, are exposed to a high risk of nitrates pollution. This pollution appears mostly in rural areas, due to improper use of fertilizers, improper waste storage or local sources of infestation, like animal sheds, and so on. Recent researches have indicated that clay can be used for groundwater decontamination. Mass transport between the unsaturated and saturated zones greatly influences subsurface processes. The transition zone between the vadose zone and the saturated zones is known as capillary fringe (CF). CF may significantly influence the groundwater flow and solute transport from the vadose to the saturated zone, is active biologically and geochemically and influence root water uptake and plant growth. This paper presents the development of the capillary fringe above the water-table of an unconfined aquifer by measuring the volumetric humidity content, and to what extent the unsaturated soil from the capillary fringe will become polluted, if the water from the aquifer is polluted. The experiments were carried out on a laboratory bench which allows to simulate the groundwater flow and the pollution of an unconfined aquifer, in order to estimate the transfer of nitrates throughout the capillary fringe. Soil samples were drawn and analyzed using a photometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatial photometer in order to identify temporal and spatialphotometer in order to identify temporal and spatial evolution of nitrates in the aquifer and in the capillary fringe. Furthermore, a clay lentil has been placed into the soil, and the same investigation has been performed, to identify the capacity of the clay in reducing the groundwater pollution.
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