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GREENHOUSES AS SYNERGISTIC COMPONENTS OF HYBRID SYSTEMS
Abstract
This paper emphases the synergistic nature of greenhouses, underlining their role in feeding the population and optimizing energy, water, and gas fuel consumption. Several synergies associated with greenhouses are listed: that of recoverable energies, that of water, that of carbon offset, that of trophics, that of economics and that of politics. The most significant greenhouse configurations are reviewed: the passive greenhouse, oper-ating exclusively with renewable energies, the cogenerating greenhouses, producing electricity, the closed greenhouses, recirculating the water vapors, desalinating sea water and cleaning grey waters, the integrated greenhouses improving the buildings- me-tabolism by tuning the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations and offsetting atmos-pheric carbon dioxide, or improving the farm livestock- life quality, the aquaponic greenhouses, etc. Two such systems are particularly detailed: the Intelligent Roof-Top Greenhouse and the Three Tank system. They are illustrated with mathematical models and computer simulations. A recently appeared configuration of this type is also dis-cussed: the greenhouse-livestock farm, oriented to improve the air- qual-ity of animals and fertilizing the plants, in the same time. The common feature of all these new approaches is a multiple variable nonlinear time-varying structure, hardly op-timizable. The practical control approach relies either on suboptimal expert control, in the first stage, or on data acquiring by Internet of Things followed by Artificial Intelli-gence optimization, such as Deep Learning. An efficient and flexible approach, service-able in any greenhouse application, is also provided: the fuzzy-interpolative controller.
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