Scholarly record
MASSIVE FOREST FIRES AND THEIR MONITORING
Abstract
The paper deals with one of the most significant natural sources of CO2. The massive forest fires in Siberia, Australia, California and other parts of continents release huge amounts of Carbon dioxide, the most interesting greenhouse gas. The Pyrocumulonimbus cloud development during the bushfire is described as well as its potential to ignite number of new fires as well as four dangerous phenomena causing the fatalities of the fire fighters. Not every national government reacts the same way on the massive natural fires. A very special approach of the Russian officials is described in relation to the Siberian fires of last three years. The criticised decision not to fight the fire, not to extinguish is in contrary of the huge effort of firefighters in Australia and Sweden in the similar cases. Siberian fires according NASA are not only seasonal. Hidden peat fires smouldering underground during the winter months are able to overcome cold months and appear again during the spring period. Probably they have never been extinguished totally. Effective monitoring satellite systems such as NASA?s MODIS enables detection of distant forest fires, effectively. European Space Agency provides COPERNICUS system combining satellite, ground and air observation to create free accessible information system outputs. There are also interesting projects in Czech Republic and Slovakia aimed to detect the smoke and fire in forest areas, send a GPS, SMS and video warning for early response of Fire & Rescue Corps.
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