Scholarly record
THE STATUS OF THE SMALL RIVER AS AN INDICATOR OF THE WATER SECURITY OF NATURAL SURFACE WATER
Abstract
An important feature of the small rivers in the fact that they are the starting point of the river network, and any changes that occur in their mode, will marked on the hydrological chain. Small rivers form the water resources of medium and large rivers, hydrochemical water quality and creating lands large areas. Object is a small river Mertvovod in Mykolaiv region (Ukraine). Purpose is an environmental analysis of the state of the Mertvovod River, to determine and analyze possible impacts on the state of the water object. Methodology. The following research methods were used: comparisons and analogies; analysis; observation; synthesis; generalization. The following study programs were used for the study: Google Maps, Microsoft Ex?el, Origin software. Results. Trend analysis of the studied indicators of water quality were conducted on an average value of each indicator (pH, phosphates, nitrates, BOD, soluble oxygen) for the period from 2007 to 2016. Found a significant increase in phosphates with time, with a coefficient of correlation R = 0.71, indicating that contamination of the water facility. This can be explained by the arrival of various surface active substances and, to a lesser extent, the lack of quality sewage treatment facilities. Positive changes are founded in water object that is related to a decrease in the value of BOD. This is due to a decrease in the number of use of oxygen on oxidation of inorganic and organic substances. In general, the use of river runoff of the river above normal, and the overall environmental state of river basin is defined as "extremely poor". Conclusions. Periods were determined with exceeding the MAC for hydrochemical indicators of water quality, the sources of the input of pollutants into the water object were identified and analyzed. The use of trend analysis gave a clear idea of the change in each indicator in time and space. Perspective is the justification of ways to reduce the flow of phosphates to the water body through the reconstruction and improvement of sewage treatment plants through the introduction of new solutions to improve the scheme and technologies for wastewater treatment from enterprises and household sewage.
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