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PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF POST-ANTIQUE FALLOW LAND AT THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPLEX OF THE EUROPEAN BOSPORUS
Abstract
The lack of field studies outcome on ancient wineries and land plots under vineyards in the Kerch Peninsula puts on agenda a higher demand for new data, which is essential for understanding viticulture development of the European Bosporus throughout 4th c. BC ? 3rd ?. AD. The geoarchaeological approach, with the involvement of the natural sciences resources (pedology, geochemistry, palaeobotany), was used to study the soil within the archaeological complex (10 km west of Pantikapaion (modern Kerch)) dated 4th ? 3rd centuries BC and 1 c. BC ? 1 c. AD. Climatic heterogeneity of economic activity conditions has been established by silicon microbiomorphs distribution according to post-antique fallow land profile, as evidenced by a comparison of modern phytocenosis and the composition of phytoliths at a depth of 16?27 cm produced because of turf ploughing. Physico-chemical parameters of soil types, structural state assessment, geochemical ratio and coefficients made it possible to establish a particular indicative range for post-antique fallow land and newly formed soil types. Using the results of cluster analysis as per concentrations of 22 chemical elements it was found that the geographical factor (soil location) serves as a determinant when grouping selective objects in multidimensional space. This proves the key role of parent rock biogeochemistry and soil types produced by rock in the context the concept of ?terroir?.
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