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MODERN SEDIMENTATION TECHNIQUES

Tymoteusz Turlej

Abstract

The article presents a combination of modern methods regarding the problem of sedimentation processes. Suspensions are widely present starting from exploiting processes, through processing of natural resources, metal casting and processing, chemical engineering, problems of supplying drinkable water, and to sanitary engineering and technological processes of water preservation. Processing of suspensions using sedimentation is commonly used in previously mentioned disciplines. It is usually made by clarification, densification or classification. In the first part, article provides a method to describe granulation of solid phase of suspension. The attention was paid not only to size of particles but also to their morphology (shape of these particles). The classical suspensions were presented -mostly of industrial origins ? granular suspensions as well as introduced non-granular suspensions ?flake-like. To described the last type fraction geometry was used. Than non-chemical intensification methods, such as: magnetic coagulation and auto-coagulation, are described. Ferromagnetic coagulation is a technique providing promising results in sedimentation of suspension from steel making factories. Based on a paradox observed during application of this method (ferromagnetic sedimentation may also be used for non-ferromagnetic suspensions) auto-coagulation theory was proposed. The use of autocoagulation might allow intensification of the sedimentation process without any need of using chemical reagents. Next part provides modern methods to assist settler designing by using finite element method. The flow analysis is newly designed, compacted multiflux settler design by numerical method, are described. Moreover, methodology of settler design using Ansys CFX package is provided. The final part presents one of the most attractive techniques of sedimentation intensification, which is multiflux sedimentation. It is most perspectivistic technique, but still its poorly known variant ? multiflux sedimentation in crosscurrent setting. The theoretical basis of the process, methods of realization of settler construction with use of this technique as well as comparison test of systems: most populars counter-current and perspectivistic cross-current, are discussed.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/5.1/s20.071

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