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FIRST GENETIC CONFIRMATION OF NYMPHAEA TETRAGONA IN LATVIA
Abstract
In Latvia, the pygmy water lily Nymphaea tetragona Georgii was first reported 70 years ago in Lake Dunezers by Emilija Ozolina (1951). As no herbarium was collected, this finding was challenged. In 2017, during surveys of Saxifraga hirculus in the transitional mire Jaunciems in the Ances bog and forest reserve, N. tetragona was identified (based on morphological characteristics), found in shallow, elongated cavities with a solid base as an accompanying species. However, its presence in Latvia has not yet been absolutely scientifically proven and officially confirmed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of N. tetragona in Latvia with morphological, anatomical and genetical methods. Subsequently, in 2019 multiple expeditions surveyed localities with similar conditions and accompanying species, in five fens and two lakes including Dunezers. Sequencing of the ITS region confirmed the presence of N. tetragona in Dunezers, but not in the other sites. The obtained results revealed that the genetic analyses did not always conform to the anatomical analyses and morphological features for species identification. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the correlation between morphological, anatomical, and genetic data, in particular to identify possible hybridisation between N. tetragona and N. alba, and N. candida. This study genetically confirmed that N. tetragona is found in Latvia and is very rare; and therefore must be included in both the list of rare and protected species specified by the government of Republic of Latvia and Red Data Book of Vascular Plant Species in Latvia.
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References15
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