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SEM INVESTIGATIONS OF SKIN BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN TWO ASIATIC CYPRINIDS SPECIES
Abstract
Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry that is vital to supplying the increasing demand for food production worldwide. In recent decades, Aristichtys nobilis (Bighead carp) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver carp) have been widely introduced into European waters for algal control and as a food source. This species are very sensitive to various environmental and physical stresses and thus more susceptible to bacterial invasions resulting in disease outbreak and mortality. The ma jority of bacterial fish pathogens are normally founded in the aquatic environment. Stressors from the aquaculture systems as handling, water qu ality and conditions, stocking density and inadequate nutrition, may predispose the fish to bacterial disease. The micromorphology of the epidermis of these two species was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Normal and affected (lesions pr oduced by bacterial infections) skin was investigated comparatively. The lesions were observed in order to investigate the invasion of bacteria in the skin tissue. The important role of the mucus in antibacterial defence was underlined. The loss of integrity of the epithelium, typical of this disease, is a portal of entry for bacterial or parasitic pathogens.
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