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EFFECT OF MAIZE AND LEGUME MIXED CROPPING ON SOIL QUALITY IN RELATION TO PLANTING DENSITY
Abstract
The presented work deals with the effect of maize and legume planting density within mixed cropping system (MC) on selected indicators of soil quality: (1) microbial carbon content (Cmic); (2) total soil carbon (Ctot) content and (3) total soil nitrogen (Ntot) content. To demonstrate potential effect of different plant density within MC, 4-year field experiment was established in 2017 and will continue until 2020. The field experiment consisted of two MC groups with different plant density of maize (75 000 plants/ha; 95 000 plants/ha) and legume (75 000 plants/ha; 95 000 plants/ha). This experiment follows on the first year of the experiment (2017). Each group consisted of two crops of MC (maize + broad bean; maize + white lupine). The individual variants of the experiment were sown in field area 18 m wide and 100 m long. Sowing of crops was carried out within one operation using one equipment. Soil sampling was performed from row and inter-row of plants cultivated in MC system. Results from the first year of the experiment point to two facts: a) cultivation of corn in MC had positive effect on C content in soil. There were found significant (? = 0.05) differences between initial condition of soil cultivated by conventional system and MC in Cmic and Ctot content; b) the above indicators of soil quality were affected by plant density. Higher plant density (95,000 plants/ha) of individual plants in MC negatively affected content of Cmic and Ctot, especially in soil samples taken from row and inter-row of legume. On the other hand, the highest decrease in Cmic content was found in soil samples from corn inter-row (95,000 plants/ha).
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