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MINERALOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARTICULARITIES OF STOCKPILED APATITE PROCESSING WASTE
Abstract
Apatite ore is a source of phosphorus for the mineral fertilizers production, and one of the most demanded raw materials for today. The growth of processed raw materials increases the volume of stockpiled processing waste. Such secondary mineral deposits are of interest as a potential object to be involved into processing. The paper studies apatite-nepheline processing waste stored in tailing dumps during different temporal periods. The authors have performed a mineralogical and chemical analysis of stored waste samples and assessed their technological properties. After grinding, the apatite sample’s surface stays without visible changes; this fact has determined a possibility to recover it into the apatite concentrate. Nepheline in the samples is in a modified state. Nepheline grains in a sample taken from one tailings dump are partially replaced by hydromica; the waste samples from another tailing dump show signs of deeper nepheline modification; zeolites and clay minerals are observed on the surface of nepheline grains. Some grains of dark-colored minerals (aegirine and titanite) also have admixtures of clay minerals. Laboratory flotation experiments showed that traditional tall oil as a collector does not provide the recovery of nepheline concentrate of the required quality from such samples. The extraction of flotation nepheline concentrate with more than 28% aluminum oxide content was provided by using polyalkylbenzene sulfonic acids and alkylhydroxamic acids in the collector mixture. The proposed reagent regimes are characterized by a high efficiency of separation of dark-colored minerals and nepheline. Electromagnetic separation in a strong field was used to separate titanite concentrate. As a result, titanite concentrates with 30.3-28.9% titanium oxide content were obtained from the collective concentrate of dark-colored minerals.
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