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REGULARITIES OF THE APPEARANCE OF CONSTANT COMPONENTS IN THE LONG-TERM SERIES OF HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FLOW PART OF THE EQUATIONS OF THE WATER BALANCE OF RIVER CATCHMENTS
Abstract
An explanation is given of the regularities of occurrence of constant constituents in long-term series of river runoff, evaporation, and changes in the total water reserves of catchments, which are based on the detection effect, both in hard-deterministic and in stochastic systems – river basins. With regard to long-term runoff, this conclusion is confirmed by empirical data on the probability distributions of almost all the rivers of the globe. For evaporation and changes in the total water reserves, this conclusion is confirmed by empirical material on 256 river basins with a zonal character of runoff formation, evenly distributed over the territory of Russia. The performed analysis shows that the constant components in the long-term series of runoff, evaporation and changes in the total moisture reserves of river basins are due to their appearance to the detection effect. The discovered effect casts doubt on the correctness of the determination of hydrological quantities according to the water balance equation, which is widely used in assessing averaged hydrometeorological characteristics.
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