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USE OF PYROPHOSPHATE EXTRACT TO DETERMINE ORGANIC-BOUND FORMS OF COPPER AND IRON IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS: THE CASE STUDY OF THE VYSHNEVOLOTSKY RESERVOIR, RUSSIA
Abstract
Speciation of heavy metals in bottom sediments defines their ecotoxicity and mobility and therefore needs to be studied thoroughly. Usually single and sequential extraction techniques are used to determine water-soluble, exchangeable, specifically sorbed and carbonates, bound to organic matter, bound to Fe and Mn hydroxides and residual forms. Bottom sediments of the Vyshnevolotsky reservoir (the Upper Volga, the Central region of Russia) were chosen for the research. Lithological and mineral composition of samples was characterized. Extraction of organic-bound forms of copper and iron was conducted with use of sodium pyrophosphate. Since sodium pyrophosphate also partially attacks Fe and Mn hydroxides, modificated Tessier sequential extraction scheme was applied to control extracted forms of metals. Copper and iron contents in extracts were determined by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results of the study indicate that sodium pyrophosphate mainly extracts organically bound copper and amorphous hydroxide and oxide forms of iron which comply with prevailing forms of these elements.
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