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SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN SALINIZATION OF SOILS OF THE CISBAIKALIA AND TRANSBAIKALIA OF RUSSIA
Abstract
The article discusses salt-affected soils in the south of Eastern Siberia around Lake Baikal. These soils occur in intermontane depressions and foreland basins. The difference in the genesis and chemistry of soil salinization in the western (Cis-Baikal), central (Baikal), and eastern (Trans-Baikal) parts is associated with specific regional features of the geology, hydrogeology, and relief. The deep closed Cenozoic basins of the rift zone in the central (Baikal) region contribute to the advancement of steppe landscapes and saline soils to the north up to 56.4°N (Muisk depression). The presence of gypsum-bearing saline Cambrian rocks in the western (Cis-Baikal) region leads to the formation of predominantly neutral saline soils with a high gypsum content and a predominance of magnesium among toxic cations of soluble salts. The extent of soda-saline soils increases from the west to the east. Soda salinization is virtually absent in the Cis-Baikal region; soda-sulfate salinization predominates in the Baikal region and western part of the Trans-Baikal region. Sulfate?soda and soda salinization predominates in the eastern part of the Trans-Baikal region.
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References15
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