Scholarly record
IMPACT OF NPK FERTILIZATION ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) YIELD UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS
Abstract
This study evaluates the impact of NPK fertilization on soil chemical properties, nutrient dynamics, and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) yield under field conditions in Western Romania. The experiment was conducted on a chernozem soil, where different fertilization rates were applied to assess their influence on key soil parameters, including pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, and selected microelements. Soil samples were collected at different growth stages of sunflower and analyzed using standard agrochemical methods. The results showed that NPK fertilization significantly influenced soil nutrient availability and chemical balance. Increased fertilization rates led to higher concentrations of available nitrogen and phosphorus, while potassium levels showed moderate variation depending on application rates. Slight changes in soil pH were observed, indicating the effect of mineral inputs on soil reaction. Additionally, fertilization affected microelement availability, suggesting interactions between macro- and micronutrients within the soil system. Sunflower yield responded positively to fertilization, with higher production recorded in treatments receiving balanced NPK inputs. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing fertilization strategies to enhance soil fertility and crop productivity while maintaining soil chemical stability. This study provides valuable insights into nutrient management practices for sustainable sunflower cultivation.
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