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SAP FLOW AS A POSSIBLE INDICATOR OF WATER STRESS
Abstract
Climate change is defined as a significant difference between two mean climatic states, with substantial impact on the ecosystem. Extreme climatic events, such as higher temperatures, more intense precipitation, increased drought risk and duration as well as cyclones and flooding in coastal areas, are expected to increase in both frequency and intensity. One of the possible indicators of water stress is sap flow measurement. For this experiment were used the apple trees in Nove Zamky, Slovakia. On stem were installed Dynagage Sap Flow Sensors with the Flow 32-1K Sap flow system, which measure the sap flow and thus water consumption of plants. These energy balance sensors measure the amount of heat carried by the sap, which is converted into real-time sap flow. The measurements were realized continuously during the summer months in 2018. Values were compared with values of the rainfalls and the air temperature. The results show that the sap flow reached a maximum value between 2 pm and 6 pm, when the temperature culminated. Higher temperature also increased the sap flow. For irrigated plants, these maximum values reached more than 100 g.h-1. For non-irrigated plants, these values were below 100 g.h,-1 except for days with precipitation when these peaks increased slightly. Due to the lack of water it was also visible visually the dry leaves. The results show when it is necessary to time the irrigation dose in real time, that savetime that saves the amount of water for irrigation.
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