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GAZHA SOILS OF RUSSIA.
Abstract
The article discusses the morphological, micromorphological, and chemical properties of gazha (gypsiferous) soils in the subboreal zone of Russia. The concept of gazha is explained, and the factors and conditions of its formation are analyzed. The analysis of the microfabrics of the gazha horizons indicates that they are mainly composed of small gypsum crystals of pseudorhombohedral shape with possible participation of few gypsum druses. The organization of gypsum crystals in the form of whirl-shaped clusters indicates the processes of cryogenic sorting (freezing out) of the crystals, which is typical of the soils in the permafrost zone. Gypsum druses prevail in the lower part of the soil profiles. Mineralogical analysis confirms the monomineral composition of these horizons; salts are represented by gypsum.
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