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RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF THE CORRECTION OF THE SOIL REACTION AND DIFFERENTIAL FERTILIZATION ON THE CROP AND THE QUALITY OF THE BARLEY GRAINS IN THE BANAT HILL AREA OF ROMANIA
Abstract
Research was carried out between 2016 and 2018 on eutricambosol-type soil with pH-5.65, low humus content of 1.37% and a rate of base saturation of 69.68%. Soil texture is medium-fine. In climate terms, according to Koppen, the climate falls under the formula c.f.b.x, characterized by a temperate climate with rainfall all year round, but with a deficit of water in the summer months. The average temperature of the year is 10.80C. The average annual precipitation volume is 631 mm. To correct the acidic reaction of the soil amorphous dolomite was used, chemically analysed at the Nachhaltige Pflanzenproduktion Institute in Vienna, which shows that it is a calcium and magnesium mineral with a content of CaO 32.8%, CaCO3-58.5 MgO-19.6%, MgCO3-40.9%. The bulletin also contains data on Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, and Mercury, in quantities below the worldwide-accepted tolerances. Under the conditions mentioned above, we have tested the effect of application of 2 t/ha and 4 t/ha and of fertilization with: N0N60N80N100N120, applied on a constant background of P60K60. The preliminary plant was the maize crop. During vegetation we have observed the foliage diseases (Erysiphe graminis, Puccinia recondite, Rhyncosporium secalis, Helminthosporium, Fusarium), and applied treatments to combat them - herbicides for weed control, and treatment for the prevention of plant falling. The substances used are mentioned in the paper. The cultivated variety is Nelly from Germany. The average crop yield was 12% for the 2t/ha dose and 29% for the 4t/ha variant. Nitrogen fertilizers applied in variable doses on a background of P60K60 increased the average crop yield by 23% (N60) and up to 90% (N120). The paper presents data on the evolution of the protein and starch content based on the amorphous dolomite dose and the fertilizer doses applied.
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