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3D FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION OF BUILDINGS LOCATED IN AREAS AFFECTED BY UNDERGROUND MINING

Ramona-Rafila Marian

Abstract

The underground mining of a deposit leads inevitably to the deformation of the surface as well as to the destruction of the buildings located in the area of influence of the extraction. Therefore, the rocks surrounding the excavation, created by the extraction process, go from the initial equilibrium state of tensions (triaxial) to a biaxial or even uniaxial stress state. This secondary state of tension leads to the occurrence of rock breaking phenomena in the areas where their resistance are exceeded, respectively, to the occurrence of various forms of deformations and displacements of the rocks situated on the contour of the mining excavation, characterized by very complex geomechanical phenomena. The analysis and prognosis of the development of these phenomena are of particular importance in choosing the most efficient technical measures to mitigate the negative impact, both during the design phase of the operation and in the phases of extraction itself and the closure of the extracted perimeters. In order to protect the buildings located above the mining fields, it is necessary to know how they behave under the influence of the underground mining. This paper presents the results obtained by 3D numerical modeling with finite elements of the behavior of the constructions located in the area of influence of the underground mining.

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