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ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS AND INTENSITY OF WATER EROSION IN THE RIVER BASIN DELICHAI (IRANIAN TERRITORY) USING GIS MODEL
Abstract
In all countries, many practical observation and theoretical studies are devoted on the soil and water erosion. However, there are still significant shortcoming in theoretical and experimental parts due to the underestimation of its physical causes and excessive enthusiasm of "empirical formulas", which is not often taken into account the elementary physical conditions in erosion processes, so the responses are not very accurate. There is also other useful model which is called GIS; the model is very powerful to estimate soil erosion due to having following parameters: tectonic faults, lithological characteristics of rocks, the density of the hydrographic network, orographic features (absolute altitude, slope, etc), rainfall and vegetation. The GIS model is one of the most applicable methods for estimating the intensity of soil erosion in arid and semi-arid climates. It has been found that more than 59.94% (200.80 km2) of Delichai basin is exposed to low erosion intensity, 36.55% (122.45 km2) пїЅ average erosion intensity, and 3.50% (11.75 km2) - high-intensity erosion. The model is less time-consuming and more economic-effective than other erosion models, such as USLE, EPM, WEPP, and FAO.
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