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STUDIES ON DANUBE WATER FILTRATION PERFORMANCE OF NANOCOMPOSITE ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES
Abstract
Membrane technology is a separation process used predominantly in the primary and secondary sectors of industry, being a viable option over conventional water and wastewater treatment systems. Due to fresh water scarcity increment at global scale, it is essential to develop a best available technology to reduce the negative effects of water contamination and to produce potable and process water, also. Pressure driven membranes have drawn high attention in the past 60 years, due to simple operability and maintenance, compact design, low or no by-product generation and acceptable ratio costefficiency.Polymeric membranes cover 90% of the total used membranes due to competitive prices and performances when compared to ceramic membranes. Although one of the major drawbacks in membrane filtration is the fouling phenomenon, intense research is based on diminishing it through membrane modification techniques. One of these means of enhancement in membrane performance is the increase in water affinity through blending hydrophilic nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix. The polymer of choice for this study was polysulfone (PSf) (24 and 25 wt.%), which have significant role in membrane filtration due to high thermal, chemical and mechanical stability. Because the polysulfone membranes are predominantly hydrophobic in nature, these are subjected to blending with hydrophilic barium ferrite BaFe12O19 nanoparticles (0.5 wt.%). This procedure was performed in order to increase the retention and antifouling property of the prepared membranes during filtration of water collected from the Danube River.Retention flux, contact angle, turbidity, dry residue at 180В°C, pH, conductivity, salinity,total suspended solids (TDS) and UV-VIS spectrophotometric measurements were conducted in this article. Flat sheet PSf ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by phase inversion process, the immersion precipitation method. The nanocomposite membranes show higher overall performances when compared to pure PSf membranes.
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