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MAJOR ACCIDENTS AND WASTES
Abstract
The prevention of major accidents involving hazardous substances is relatively well-controlled issue, nevertheless wastes, especially industrial ones, may exhibit similar hazardous properties as classified chemical substances and mixtures, but they are frequently not directly involved in the priorities area of major accident risk management. Among exceptions, mining wastes from processing, located in tailing facilities, are directly involved in the Seveso III Directive (2012/18/EU) and implemented in national legislations, e.g. Decree No. 224/2015 Coll. in the Czech Republic. This type of waste accidents has the potential to cause transboundary environmental impacts as well as direct hazard for surrounding population and/or employees. The article is focused on analysis of the phenomenon of accidents involving hazardous wastes and their taxonomy, and indicates certain general problems in the area of relations between wastes and accidents. General analysis is supplemented by case studies of typical chemical accidents with wastes showing the spectrum of impacts from explosion throw fire to environment contamination.
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