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CAPACITY ASSESSMENT OF CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS WITH U-TURN
Abstract
The problem of intersection capacity is a constantly discussed topic in the field of traffic engineering. Uncontrolled intersections have the lowest capacity, roundabouts and controlled intersections follow, and grade-separated interchanges have the highest capacity. However, in many cases, a grade-separated interchange cannot be built (mainly for spatial or financial reasons). In these cases, it is necessary to look for solutions to increase the capacity of other types of intersections. The paper deals with capacity assessment of controlled intersections with traffic lights and with U-turn maneuver. The U-turn is a maneuver of a 180° rotation to reverse the direction of travel. The name of this maneuver is derived from the letter U because this maneuver looks like it. The U-turn maneuver is also possible on divided roads (by special U-turn ramps), but this paper does not deal with it. In some countries, the U-turn is illegal (especially for the intersections with traffic lights). An example of such a country is for example the Czech Republic. On the other hand, some countries are allowed this maneuver (for example Poland). The paper compares the results of capacity assessment of intersections with and without U-turn maneuver for Czech conditions. There are used the qualitative methods based on Germany methodology HBS. These methods are based on the traffic volumes on entries and they deal with numbers of traffic lanes, time spaces, average delay times and level of service for entries
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References10
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