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IMMUNE AND GENETIC STATUS OF CHILDREN UNDER EXTREME ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
Abstract
The peculiarities of ecological conditions determine different scenarios of adaptive changes in the immune and genetic status with the subsequent formation of eco-caused pathology. Purpose of the study: analysis of the peculiarities of the immunological and genetic status of the child population in the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle of Russia under the combined impact of anthropogenic chemical and climatogeographic factors. Materials and methods . Immunological and genetic testing of 98 children (the territory of the Arctic of Russia), differing in the level of anthropogenic chemical load, was carried out. Methods of flow cytometry, real-time polymerase chain reaction and allergosorbent testing were used. Results. The carried out immunological and genetic examination of children living in extreme environmental conditions of the Arctic Circle of Russia revealed an imbalance in the cellular component of immunity, expressed in increased expression of activation markers CD95+ and CD25+, proteins - Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and the TNFR receptor responsible for apoptosis ( p <0.05). Changes in the humoral link of immunity are also observed - IgA deficiency in children, hyperproduction of specific IgE to nickel (p <0.05), IgG to copper, benz (a) pyrene, phenol. In relation to the control group, increased levels of the frequency of variant alleles of the following genes were established: CYP1A1 rs 1048943, GSTP 11695, EPHX1 rs 1051740, CLOCK 1801260, eNOS rs1799983, VEGF rs2010963; TP53 rs1042522. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the stimulation of the apoptotic receptor activity of immunocompetent cells with the activation of cell death and the probable formation of immunodeficiency. The identified polymorphisms and their prevalence characterize genetic variants of the likelihood of developing disorders in children exposed to a combined exposure to extreme climatic and anthropogenic factors associated with detoxification processes of the first and second phases, adaptive disorders of temporal synchronism, multifactorially mediated vascular disorders, proliferative scenarios (autoimmunity, oncoproliferation).
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