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CIRCULAR ECONOMY. ECONOMIC IMPACTS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Abstract
The circular economy represents a systemic change in the economic model towards more efficient use of resources, reduction of environmental externalities and support of innovation. This article analyses the economic impacts and opportunities associated with the implementation of the principles of the circular economy in the European and Czech contexts. Based on a systematic literature review, analysis of strategic documents and selected empirical studies, the macroeconomic benefits, impacts on the labour market, business models and public finances are assessed. The findings show that the introduction of circular measures can lead to GDP growth, higher material productivity and the creation of new jobs, especially in the repair, recycling and service sectors. At the same time, however, the transition to a circular model is conditioned by changes in production processes, institutional framework and consumer behaviour. The article also identifies opportunities for the Czech Republic in the area of development of regional innovation centres, support of circular businesses and involvement in European value chains. In conclusion, recommendations are formulated for the strategic implementation of the circular economy as a tool for environmental and economic transformation.
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