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FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF BLOOD CELLS OF FISHES IN CONDITIONS OF CHANGE OF A LEVEL OF WATER-FILLING OF THE KRASNOYARSK WATER BASIN

Galina Makarskaya

Abstract

The overlapping of the Yenisey River by Dam of Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station noticeably altered abiotic conditions of habitats of river ichthyokoinos in the zone of an artificial pond - Krasnoyarsk reservoir. Its mode of operation for the past 50 years is defined in foremost tasks of hydropower and practically does not take into account the criteria of conservation of homeostasis of aquatic ecosystem and fisheries interests. Change of rheofeeling complex on limnofeeling in the process of forming reservoir has been accompanied by an overall decline in species diversity and the sharp decline in the number of fish. Besides, significant interannual changes in water level in the reservoir, consistently affecting on its biological and hydrochemical behaviour in mode, also reflected in fish behaviour, development and reproduction. The analysis of results of long-term monitoring researches of functional activity of blood cells of fishes of the Krasnoyarsk water basin, that was registrated with luminol-depended chemiluminescent method in roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), bream (Abramis brama L.), perch (Perca fluviatilis), has revealed specific legitimate change of its that depend on a level of water-fullness of a water basin during the summer period. The annually repeating summer dynamics of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of blood cells, activated in vitro, characterizes the all investigated kinds of fishes. The particularity is authentically (P <0,01) a low level of production ROS of blood cells in first half of the June, conterminous with the lowest temperature at summer season and with period of spawning and high activity of antioxidant enzymes. It is one of the most important reasons of susceptibility of fishes during this period to infection. The 2-3-fold increase in ROS production reaching the level of average long-term value, was observed at blood cells of the roach and the perch, but exceeding it at bream in the end of June - the beginning of July during end of spawning. Parameters of intensity and volume of ROS generation of antigen activated blood cells at perch, bream and roach were highest, since the termination of spawning up to the end summer at an average level of water in a water basin. Noticeably lower values of volume of ROS generation were obtained in the perch, roach and bream at shallow level of water.

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