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MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF SOLID PHASE FROM CATCHMENT AREA AFFECTED BY MINING ACTIVITY.
Abstract
The main goal of our work was to define qualitative (geochemical and mineralogical) and quantitative composition of suspensions (solid phases), which originate in the outflows of mine waters into surface streams and significantly affect the quality of their waters and river sediments. The research was implemented on several abandoned mining areas in Slovakia, where Sb, Cu, Fe and Hg were exploited in the past. Mineral phases - mainly oxyhydroxides of Fe, Al and Mn - are transported by surface waters and are consequently accumulated in the stream sediments. Fe oxyhydroxides (less Al and Mn) bind potentially toxic elements, primarily contained in mining waters, and represent a major transport medium for contaminants in mining-affected areas. The particle size of these mineral phases is very small (usually below 0.45 ?m) and therefore they can be transported over long distances. Research on the composition and amount of these solid phases provides important information on the transport and accumulation of potentially toxic elements in river catchment affected by mineral extraction.
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