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ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF INVASIVE SPECIES ON SPOIL HEAP WITH DIFFERENT TYPE OF RECLAMATION: SOLIDAGO GIGANTEA AITON STUDY
Abstract
Coal mine spoil heaps are subject to reclamation processes in order to restore their environmental, social and economic functions. The reclamation may consist of placing soil layers (topsoil, TS) on the surface of the bare rock (carboniferous rock accompanying the coal seam) and then planting vegetation. However, waste rock (bare rock, BR) is usually left in place without overburden due to high costs. In both cases, there is a spontaneous succession of consisting vegetation of native and alien species. In this study, we compare the efficiency of seed germination populations of the alien invasive species Solidago gigantea Aiton (Sg) originating from the TS and BR areas of the same spoil heap and the ecophysiological response of plants grown from germinated seeds. The research was carried out under laboratory conditions, measuring the content of pigments in leaves, the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus (EPA), plant height and response to environmental stress factors (H2O2, MDA concentration). Significant differences between the two groups were tested using the t-test (p less than0.05). The results showed that the seeds from SgBR germinated (GP) more effectively (SgBR-93.5%, SgTS-82.69%) and had a higher germination synchrony index (Z) (SgBR-0.21, SgTS-0.16). However, the seeds from SgTS showed a higher mean germination time (MGT) (SgBR-5.75, SgTS-7.9). There was no statistically significant difference between plants grown from SgBR and SgTS seeds in plant height, content of chlorophyll a, flavonols and anthocyanins. However, plants from SgBR seeds exhibited higher stress tolerance, indicated by higher H2O2 content and better photosynthetic apparatus performance parameters-higher FV/FM, PIabs, PItotal, FV/FO, and lower VJ, VI. Further studies at the genomic level of both populations are recommended to obtain more detailed information on the adaptation mechanisms.
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