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FEATURES OF MODERN CHANGES IN ICE CONDITIONS IN THE WESTERN ARCTIC REGION
Abstract
In the last quarter of the 20th century, noticeable climate changes (warming) were recorded, which affected both the atmosphere and the ocean. The modern climate changes are most clearly observed in the Arctic Ocean. Sea ice, which also is an important component of the polar climate system, through its high albedo and insulating effect, reduces the heat exchange from the ocean to the atmosphere (Hanssen-Bauer et al., 2019). The analysis of the features of the interannual and seasonal variability of the sea ice extent was carried out on the basis of calculated information obtained in the World Sea Ice Data Center of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (Smolanitsky, 2021), ESA CryoSat-2 Synthetic Aperture Radar Altimeter (SIRAL), data from high-latitude air expeditions «Sever» (Webster et. al, 2004) and data from contact measurements of ice thicknesses from the «Transarktika-2019» expedition in April 2019 (Frolov et al., 2019). According to the results of the work carried out in the waters of the Kara Sea, as well as in the northern part of the Barents Sea and in the central regions of the Arctic basin, an increase in the amplitude of fluctuations in ice extent has been observed since 2006, which, in turn, may indicate large-scale changes in the ice regime and atmospheric or oceanic circulation in the Western Arctic region. The authors also revealed 5-6 years short-term fluctuations in ice extent in the Greenland, Barents and Kara seas in the period of intense ice formation (November – December) (Shapkin et al., 2021).
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References7
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