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FACULTATIVE METHANOTROPHIC MICROORGANISMS OF PERMAFROST AND NON-PERMAFROST SYSTEMS OF CENTRAL SIBERIA
Abstract
Methanotrophic bacteria are an essential component of Arctic ecosystems in terms of methane emission regulation. They act like a natural sink of methane and are able to oxidize up to 80% of methane emitted from permafrost soils. In Arctic regions, methanotrophy is related to methane oxidizing activity of bacteria, associated with mosses or lichens [1]. This cooperation provides protection and habitat to bacteria, while mosses and lichens obtain CO2 as a carbon source, which emit during methane oxidation as by-product. Since mosses and lichens are dominant plants and wide spread in tundra, this plant-microbe interaction is important in terms of methane emission regulation [2]. The key enzyme in methane oxidizing process is methanmonooxygenase, which has two forms: membrane bound and soluble form. All methanotrophic microorganisms, facultative and obligate, contain membrane bound methanmonooxygenase [3]. At present time, obligate methanotrophic bacteria are well described, but it is not the case for facultative metanotrophs, which can also play important role in methane emission increasing mitigation. In this work, we have studied methane oxidizing ability of bacteria associated with mosses and lichens, which were sampled from permafrost and non-permafrost ecosystems of three Eastern Siberia regions: Krasnoyarsk city, Lake Baikal and North of Yakutia. For isolation and cultivation of bacteria, nutrient media with methanol were used. Methanotrophic ability of obtained strains, at concentrations of methane close to atmospheric, was shown in laboratory incubation experiments using gas analyzer Picarro 2201-i (Picarro Inc., USA) and expressed as a shift in the isotopic composition ?13? of methane. The strains able to methanotrophy were identified by 16S rRNA analysis. By the results of molecular identification, all isolated strains are not belonged to the known genera of obligate or facultative methanotrophic bacteria.
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References4
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