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PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL USING K2CO3, K3PO4, NA2CO3 AND NA3PO4 AS ALKALINE CATALYSTS.
Abstract
The effect of K2CO3, K3PO4 Na2CO3, and Na3PO4 on transesterification of rapeseed oil (RO) with methanol was investigated to evaluate their potential for application as biodiesel production catalysts. All anhydrous alkaline salts catalyze transesterification reaction. Higher yield than 95% of rapeseed oil methyl esters (RFAME) was attained in the reaction time from 10 to 300 min. Potassium salts have significantly higher catalytic performance than Na2CO3 and Na3PO4. However, potassium salt recovery from reaction mixture by simple filtration and washing with methanol after transesterification reaction is low (0-6.8 %). Significantly higher catalyst recovery 68.6%-78.7% was for Na3PO4 and Na2CO3. The transesterification process also was performed under industrial reaction conditions in the presence of NaOH to compare the results. It was concluded, that Na3PO4 is slightly more active than Na2CO3 and major fuel properties of RFAME produced in the presence of this catalyst corresponds to EN 14214, ASTM D6751 standards and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) was -10.7 oC.
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