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WOOD WASTE IS AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AND EFFECTIVE SORBENT FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT FROM HEAVY METALS
Abstract
The study examined the sorption properties of beech, chestnut, and pine sawdust, as well as pine pellets, focusing on their ability to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The kinetics of sorption were analyzed using CuSO4-5H2O and FeSO4-7H2O solutions (10?5-10?- M) over 1, 2, 4, 24, and 48 hours. Sorbents were modified with HCl and NaCl, and their efficiency was evaluated by measuring pH and electrical conductivity before and after sorption. Chestnut sawdust demonstrated the highest sorption capacity, particularly for Cu-? ions at lower concentrations (10?5-10?4 M), while other sawdust types performed best at 10?- M. Chestnut sawdust removed Cu-? ions with 70-90% higher efficiency than other materials across a wide concentration range. It also exhibited peak Fe-? sorption within one hour, reaching 82.3% (10?4 M) and 81.8% (10?5 M). Sorbents in Na? form showed greater pH shifts than those in H? form, creating a neutral or weakly acidic environment. Beech sawdust in Fe-? solutions formed a strong alkaline environment, pine pellets a neutral one, and chestnut sawdust a mildly acidic one. Pine sawdust was more effective in concentrated (10?--10?- M) solutions, while pine pellets performed better in diluted solutions.
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