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STUDY OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ORIGIN IN THE GROUNDWATER OF NORTHERN BULGARIA
Abstract
The monitoring data of groundwater quality in a vast area in north central Bulgaria indicates concentration of hexavalent chromium above the maximum contaminant level set in Directive 98/83/EO. Hexavalent chromium contamination of the groundwater is of a great concern, since this groundwater is the main drinking water source for more than 25 small villages in the region. Field tests were conducted in order to determine the mineral and chemical composition of soils and rocks near four of the villages. Exploratory drillings were made and samples were taken for X-ray analysis. The physical-chemical parameters of the soils and rocks and of the groundwater were assessed. The observed features of soils and rocks composition and groundwater quality proved that the hexavalent chromium presented in the shallow groundwater in Northern Bulgaria is of natural origin, mainly due to the interaction between chromium rich variety of clinochlore ? kaemmererite and groundwater in oxidizing conditions, found in the aquifer. Based on the results obtained in this study, it is speculated that part of the kaemmererite found in loess deposits in North Bulgaria may be formed as a result of east/south - east winds.
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