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ANALYSIS OF THE FAILURE MECHANISM OF 3DPC OBJECTS
Abstract
3D concrete printing is an innovative approach to construction that enables faster, flexible and material-efficient building construction. A key factor for the broader adoption of this technology is understanding the mechanical properties of printed concrete constructions and validating them through experimental and numerical studies. This paper focuses on the determination of the mechanical properties of digital concrete with emphasis on the effect of production technology, testing and analysis of failure mechanisms of printed objects. Firstly, the basic mechanical properties of the cementitious material were analyzed. These parameters were then verified after extrusion into the molds and subsequently by drilling out of the printed structure. The results confirmed the consistency of the mixture used and enabled numerical analyses. A very important part was to investigate strength development in short times due to the use of a solidification accelerator, to develop software modules for the numerical modelling of the printing phase. The obtained parameters were used to design printed objects - cylinders (tubes) of different heights on which the resulting load capacity was tested. The main objective was to provide the basis for numerical analyses also in terms of the failure mechanism of the printed objects. Due to the brittle failure, it is a very sudden and rapid phenomenon. To verify numerical models and predict behavior, the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method was applied, allowing deformation measurements and retrospective analysis of crack initiation. The results help to determine failure modes and validate computational models which lead to more reliable structural design.
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Metcherine, V., Dressler, I., Empelmann, M., Gehlen, Ch., Glock, Ch., Kuhn, A., Lanswer, J.P., Lowke, D., Muller, S., Neef, T., Nerella, V.N., Stephan, D. Digital concrete construction by means of additive processes - State of the art and research needs. In: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau, Vol. 116, Issue 11, Pages 881-900, Nov. 2021 DOI: 10.1002/best.202100067
Dilawar, R.; Usman, M.; Ali, A.; Majit, U.; Faizan, M. et al. Inclusive characterization of 3D printed concrete (3DPC) in additive manufacturing: A detailed review. In: Construction and Building Materials 394 (29), 1�20, 2023 DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132229
Wolfs, R. J. M., BOS, F.P., SALET, T. A. M. Early age mechanical behaviour of 3D printed concrete: Numerical modelling and experimental testing. In: Cement and Concrete Research 106 (2018) DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.02.001
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