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MULTI-TEMPORAL IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR ALAZANI RIVER (GEORGIA) MEANDERING CHANGE DETECTION
Abstract
Human impact along with other elements of the environment has a great impact on the processes in the river basins. River meander dynamics and mobility are important indicators of environmental change related to climate changes and anthropogenic activities at local and river basin scales. This paper presents a study of spatial and temporal changes meandering Alazani (Georgia) in its middle stream and downstream. Alazani is the border of the country and the bank erosion here has the environmental and political importance as well. The aim of the present study was to identify spatial-temporal variations of channel length, meandering, and central line migration of the Alazani River. The analysis was carried out on a series of multitemporal and multispectral remotely sensed data acquired by different satellite missions during the time period between 1986 and 2019. Data from the Sentinel-2 missions and large-scale topographic maps (1:25 000) were considered. Supervised image classification with the combination of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and MNDWI (Modified Normalized Difference Water Index) was used for Landsat image (1986, 1995, 2006, 2013, 2019) analysis, Sentinel data and topographic maps served to establish reference information about river morphological features in order to compare the results of the temporal analysis. The results demonstrated that the morphological changes are mostly related to the sediment supply and its regime. The direction of the migration rates varied towards the west and the east, with the dominant direction towards the west. Several meanders and ox-bow lakes remain as a result of migration.
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