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MORPHOLOGY AND WATER DYNAMICS OF CHANNEL BIFURCATION IN DELTAIC ENVIRONMENT
Abstract
The study presents a detailed analyse of the morpho-dynamic processes of the main two bifurcations of the Danube River within its delta, at Ceatal Izmail and Ceatal St. George. The first bifurcation of the Danube, called Ceatal Izmail; here the river divides into two distributaries: a northern one, the Chilia (Kilia), and a southern one, the Tulcea. Forking to the right at Ceatal Izmail (Mile 43), the Tulcea distributary stretches further to 17 km to the second main hydrographic knot Ceatal Sfantu Gheorghe (St. George) at Mile 33.84 (km 62.2). Here, the Tulcea branch divides into two main distributaries: Sulina on the left and Sfantu Gheorghe (St. George) on the right. More than a century ago, these two bifurcations were submitted to hydro-technical works producing morphological changes of the fluvial bed, as well as redistribution of water and sediment flows between the three main distributaries. The history, morphology and hydrodynamics were studied in detail. On each bifurcation, hydrological, sedimentological and morphological measurements were performed on nine crosssections distributed upstream and downstream of the bifurcation in August 2021. The bifurcation angles, the slope, the flow separation zones and the velocities were investigated to understand the distribution of the water flow and bed morphology of both bifurcations.
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References7
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