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COMPLEX PALEOECOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF BURIED SOILS AND RECONSTRUCTION OF THE BRONZE AGE CLIMATE IN THE EAST EUROPEAN PLAIN AND ADJACENT AREA
Abstract
Climate reconstruction in the Holocene for the Russian Central Chernozemic region with use of palynological and soil research of deep cores in floodplain deposits and archaeological monuments are carried out. In the Preboreal period area was covered by meadow and grass steppes, pine and birch forests were locally spread. In the Boreal period they were dominated, broadleaved species were noted in small content at its beginning, in its middle span oak and hazel appeared, in the final phase ash and maple added. In the Atlantic period further warmth and humidity increase promoted to broadleaved forests domination, gradually their structure became multi-tiered, in Latter Atlantic oak groves with beech and hornbeam grown. In the Suboreal period forests area reduced and the herb-grass communities expanded. The increasing humidity and temperature in the Middle Subatlantic promoted to development of single-tiered oak forests with linden and elm, and spruce border migration to the south. In the Late Sub-Atlantic, the climate and population activities led to oak forests reduction and steppe vegetation expansion. The most sharp climate changes are timed in border of the Atlantic ? Boreal, Boreal - Subatlantic and late Subatlantic early stages, and correspond to the main lines of the environment development in the Holocene.
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