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FEATURES OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IMPURITIES IN NATURAL WATERS OF OIL AND GAS PRODUCING TERRITORIES
Abstract
The light hydrocarbons and water-soluble oil components overcome geological barriers - water-resistant horizons and gas-tight layers of the earth?s crust at the macroscale - and therefore natural waters of territories with oil and gas fields have a number of specific features. The purpose of the research was to investigate the features of organic impurities in groundwater and drinking water samples in the absence of accidental spills (pollution). Water samples were taken in oil and gas producing territories of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and the north of Tomsk region. The chemical composition impurities were studied by using the certified high-performance analytical methods - liquid, gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Paraffins, naphthenes, aromatic hydrocarbons and hopanes which are biomarkers in organic geochemistry were defined in all water samples. The study results showed that the bulk of organic matter in waters has got dispersed organic matter origin. The total content of non-polar petroleum hydrocarbons in groundwater samples did not exceed the sanitary standards for drinking water. It was established that the source of hydrocarbon contamination of water is dispersed organic matter, but not oil or its refining products - gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, lubricants in accordance with the homologous and isomeric composition. For groundwater it means that the main part of organic impurities do not come from the surface of the earth or from deep oil horizons due to the filtration of pollutants. The results of this work support the idea that the water-rock system is basic for the organization of the whole surrounding world, it has a number of fundamental properties and is capable of self-evolution and self-organization, continuous complication and development of new secondary products.
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