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THE STUDY OF THE INTERACTION MECHANISM IN THE ROCK - SUPPORT SYSTEM CONSIDERING THE DEFORMATION BEHAVIOUR OF ROCKS SURROUNDING UNDERGROUND EXCAVATIONS
Abstract
The result of the experimental and analytical researches for the appointment of underground excavations, considering the interdependence with the type of rocks met, the working conditions and the safety of the supports have highlighted that the rational use of the actual types of supports, the improvement of the constructive parameters and the design of new types, as a unitary system, needs to be justified taking into account the study of the mechanism of the interaction. The analyses carried out for the rock conditions surrounding the coal deposit in Jiu Valley confirm the hypothesis according to which, in time, an inelastic deformation area is created around the underground excavations which is strictly dependent on the geo-mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock as well as on the expansion phenomenon, as a result of rock breaking, respectively of its appearance in the immediate vicinity of the outline of one domain of cracked and crushed rocks. Therefore, the best approach model for the interaction between the massive rock and the support system which correspond to the conditions of the sedimentary rocks specific to coal mines is the generalised rheological approach of elastic-viscous-plastic interaction according to which the extension of rocks displacement from the outline of the underground excavation may be assessed using mathematical relations which are selected and adopted for the conditions met at the mine opening works and coal excavations, especially black coal excavation in the Jiu Valley mines. The paper develops the analysed rheological model and presents the analytical calculation relations of rock deformation and the dependency diagrams obtained from the deformation and the resistance to compression fracture of the rocks, including the depth of the work. Based on the analysis which was carried out it results that rock displacement is dependent on its resistance to compression fracture, namely the more reduced the resistance is the higher the displacement is, independent on the depth of the excavation.
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