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ASSESSMENT OF THE EXTENT AND NATURE OF CLUSTERING OF ALLUVIAL GOLD DEPOSITS IN YAKUTIA
Abstract
Numerous geological observations indicate that alluvial deposits (gold, tin, diamonds, polymetalles, etc.) have a cluster structure, both in general and in local areas. Up to 80 ? 90 % of the reserves of useful components can be contained in 10 ? 25 % of the volume of traditionally recovered sands. The purpose of the study is to assess the extent and nature of the clustering of reserves in dredged gold deposits. Main methods of researches: analysis and generalization of information of the features on the structure of alluvial deposits, statistical processing of the results of the work of gold mining companies; block modelling and mapping of mineral deposits with use of geological information systems of Mineframe and Micromine; synthesis of approaches to improving exploration, mining and enrichment processes in the development of alluvial deposits, taking into account the specifics of work in the region. The article presents the distribution of metal in the dredged zones is very uneven and varies from 1 mg/m3 to 1770 mg/m3. Areas with elevated metal contents, characteristic of the cluster organization of the bulk metal, have been identified at all the test sites. The researches show that about 65 ? 80 % of metal stocks are 15 ? 50 % in volume of the sand being processed. Consequently, 40 ? 80 % of the sand is practically wasted when dredged. The accounting and use of clustering of alluvial gold mining (as with other minerals) conceals large reserves of improved mining efficiency for the mineral raw material base and machinery for the extraction and processing of ores and sands. The article presents the measures that need to be taken to improve the production of deposits characterized by a cluster organization. This makes it possible, all other things being equal, to increase by 1.5 ? 2.5 times average gold content of the recovered and processed sand-and-gravel by drags, to enhance productivity of labor in terms of end product by 2, reduce cost of mining and processing approximately by 10 ? 25 % other factors being equal.
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References11
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